
In construction, having a structured approach is key to any project’s success. One of the most reliable and widely used methods is the Design-Bid-Build (DBB) approach. Known for its clear process and predictable outcomes, This approach has been widely used and proven effective, not just in Australia but all over the world.
But what exactly is Design-Bid-Build in construction, and how does it work? This blog post will break it all down—covering the process, the key players involved, the pros and cons, and how Project Owners and investors can make the process work for their projects.
What is Design-Bid-Build In Construction?


Design-Bid-Build (DBB) is one of the most traditional and straightforward construction delivery methods. It divides the project into three distinct phases—design, bidding, and construction. Each phase is completed in sequence, with responsibilities clearly defined for all parties involved.
This method is ideal for construction projects that need clear transparency, fixed budgets, or well-defined scopes. Its predictable structure makes DBB a popular choice for public infrastructure projects and other developments where clear processes and accountability are essential.
Breaking Down the Design-Bid-Build Process in Construction


The DBB process is straightforward, following three distinct stages. Each phase has specific objectives to keep the project organised and on track.
1. The Design Phase
The design phase starts well before construction begins. The Project Owner hires a design team, usually made up of architects and engineers, to create the initial plans. These plans include basic drawings that outline the project’s layout, size, and structure.
After refining the concept through collaboration with the Project Owner, the designer moves on to develop detailed construction drawings. These specify technical requirements, materials, and every aspect of the project. Once finalised, these plans become the foundation for the bidding process.
2. The Bidding Phase
Once the design phase concludes, it’s time to invite contractors to submit bids and proposals. This phase ensures a competitive and transparent process. Contractors review the design documents and propose their costs, timelines, and credentials.
The owner evaluates these bids and selects the contractor offering the best value—often based on price, qualifications, and past performance. For public projects, strict regulations often require selecting the lowest responsible bid to maintain fairness.
3. The Build Phase
The last step is the build phase, where contractors turn the design into reality. The winning contractor manages the construction, ensuring adherence to design specifications and schedules.
During this phase, the Project Owner, or their designated Client-Side Project Manager or representative, oversees the Contractor’s work. Communication is key here to address challenges, clarify ambiguities, and ensure the project stays on track.
Crucial Roles in the Design-Bid-Build Process


A successful DBB project relies on clear communication and well-defined roles between key players. Here’s an overview of each party’s responsibilities.
The Project Owner
The Project Owner plays an important role in the DBB process. They start the project, hire the designer, manage the bidding process, and make sure the construction meets their goals.
Project Owners must engage a Client-Side Project Manager (also known as the Owner’s Representative). While this might seem like an additional expense, it’s an investment that pays off significantly. Much like having a lawyer or a buyer’s agent, a Client-Side Project Manager acts as the owner’s advocate, liaising with designers, contractors, and other stakeholders to ensure the project proceeds smoothly—on time and within budget.
Without this role, Project Owners risk project delays, cost blowouts, and the stress of managing complex communication across multiple parties.
The Designer
The Designer, usually an architect or engineer, is responsible for creating the plans and technical specifications. They balance creativity and functionality to meet the Project Owner’s vision while ensuring compliance with regulations and technical feasibility.
However, the designer’s role is typically limited during construction. This makes it essential for detailed and practical designs to minimise potential issues later.
The Contractor
The contractor oversees the build phase, translating the design into reality. They manage all construction-related elements such as materials, labour, and on-site challenges.
Importantly, the Contractor usually employs their own Contractor-Side Project Manager. Unlike the Client-Side Project Manager, this role focuses on advancing the contractor’s interests and managing the construction team. Clear communication between the contractors and the owner’s representatives is vital to avoid misunderstandings.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Design-Bid-Build


ADVANTAGES:
- A Well-Defined and Reliable Process: DBB follows a linear sequence of phases, ensuring that each stage is completed before the next begins. This clarity minimises confusion and helps keep projects streamlined.
- Transparent and Competitive Bidding Practices: The bidding process ensures fairness by enabling multiple Contractors to compete. This approach typically leads to more cost-effective solutions for the Project Owner.
- Clear Accountability: With roles and responsibilities clearly defined, it’s easy to hold parties accountable. This is particularly important for public projects where transparency and documentation are vital.
DISADVANTAGES:
- Risks of Conflicts: Since Designers and Contractors work separately, limited collaboration can lead to misunderstandings. Disputes about design flaws or construction challenges may arise and need to be resolved, slowing progress.
- Longer Project Timelines: Because each phase must be completed before the next begins, DBB projects can take longer compared to other delivery methods, such as Design-Build, where phases overlap.
What Kind of Construction Projects Can Benefit from Design-Bid-Build?


Design-Bid-Build (DBB) is a well-established project delivery method that is particularly suited to certain types of construction projects. Its structured approach, featuring distinct phases for design, bidding, and construction, ensures clarity and control throughout the process.
While not every project may benefit from this linear methodology, it is especially advantageous for projects requiring strict oversight, competitive bidding, and clear divisions of responsibility.
- Public Infrastructure: DBB is a common choice for projects such as schools, hospitals, and roads. Its transparent bidding process ensures fairness and adherence to procurement laws, making it ideal for government-funded developments.
- Projects with Fixed Budgets: For construction projects with tight financial constraints, DBB provides cost certainty by finalising designs and budgets before construction begins.
- Projects with Uncomplicated Designs: Simple projects with designs that have stood the test of time benefit from DBB’s straightforward approach and reduced need for extensive collaboration between Designers and Contractors.
How to Succeed with Design-Bid-Build: Strategies for Project Owners


Design-Bid-Build (DBB) projects require careful planning and effective management to achieve desired outcomes. The following outlines practical steps for maximising success in DBB projects.
- Comprehensive Pre-Construction Planning: Investing time in detailed Pre-Construction Planning reduces risks and sets the foundation for smooth execution.
- Develop a Well-Defined Project Scope: Clearly outline your project’s goals, schedule, and budget to minimise scope changes down the line.
- Engage in Construction Project Management Services and Experts: A Client-Side Project Manager can provide the oversight and coordination needed to keep everything on track.
The Design-Bid-Build approach remains a leading construction delivery method for good reason. Its structured process provides transparency, accountability, and cost certainty—making it a dependable choice for many construction projects.
However, like any method, success with DBB hinges on careful planning and expert guidance. If you’re planning a project and want it to run smoothly from start to finish, contact us. Our tailored project management solutions ensure nothing is left to chance. You may also ask for a proposal and tell us more about your project by following the simple steps below.
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